Tillage Implements Important Study Content

Tillage Implements Important Study Content

Farm Machinery & Tillage Implements Important Study Content

 1.Improved Iron Plough 

Function	Dry ploughing in all types of soil. The plough is provided with a mould board as an optional attachment for soil inversion.
Specifications
Type	Bullock drawn implement
Power requirement	A pair of bullocks
Overall dimensions	3500 x 250 x 900 mm
Weight	17 kg
Capacity	0.5 ha / day
Cost of the unit	Rs. 1500/-
General Information
The bullock drawn improved iron plough is made of mild steel except the pole shaft and hence it has longer life. As and when the share wears off, it can be pushed forward. Pole shaft angle and height of handle can be pushed forward. Pole shaft angle and height of handle can be adjusted according to field recruitment. The plough is provided with a mould as an optional attachment for soil inversion.

 2.Low Draft Chisel Plough 

Function	Suitable for deep tillage upto a depth of 40 cm for opening hard soil pan.
Specification
Type	Mounted implement
Power Requirement	35 to 45 hp tractor
Overall dimensions	450 x 940 x 1250 mm
Weight	42 kg
Capacity	1.4 ha / day at a spacing of 1.5m between rows
Cost of the Unit	Rs.10000/- (Approximately)
General Information
The chisel plough has a sturdy but light structure made of 3mm thick hollow rectangular tubular mild steel sections. The implement is simple in construction and has only three components namely frame, standard and share. The share has a lift angle of 20 degree, width of 25mm and length of 150mm. The implement is protected by shear pin which prevents damage from overloading.

 3.Para Plough 

Function	For mulch tillage and moisture conservation under dry farming condition
Specification
Type	Mounted implement
Power requirement	35 – 45 hp tractor
Capacity	0.20 ha per hour
Cost of the unit (Approx)	Rs. 10000/-
Salient features
Increases the hydraulic conductivity of soil to an extend of 0.72 cm per hour. Loosed the soil by 25% more at 32-45 cm depth than conventional treatment. Conserve more moisture at 45 cm depth Restricted moisture depletion upto 10 days after rain fall
General Information
The para plough is a primary tillage implement used for deep ploughing without inversion. This enhances infiltration but reduces hazard of erosion. The implement consists of boxed frame structure with standard 3 point hitch and two bottoms one right hand and one left hand arranged facing outside. The plough shares are fabricated out of 12mm steel sheet. The plough bottom shanks are welded in such a way to make an included angle of 144.° The rake and bent angle of the plough are 22° and 32° respectively. Field trails with equipment showed that ploughing with para plough reduced the bulk density and increase the hydraulic conductivity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tillage Implements Important Study Content

 4.Tractor Drawn Channel Former 

Function	To form channels and beds at regular intervals for irrigation.
Specification
Type	Mounted implement
Power requirement	35-45 HP
Overall dimensions	2200  x 1126  x 900 mm
Weight	90 kg
Capacity	1.2  to 1.5 ha/hr
Cost of the unit (Approx)	Rs. 12000/-
General Information
The unit consists of two inner blades of size 100 cm x 25 cm and two outer blades of size 130 cm x 25 cm.  The front portion of the two inner blades are joint together such that they form an angle of 30° in between them.  At the junction of these two inner blades a cultivator shovel  is fixed to penetrate into the soil.  The inner blades can be mounted 5 to 10 cm lower than the outer blades so that they form a furrow at a lower depth than the surface of the bed for the flow of irrigation water.  The two outer blades are placed one on each side of the inner blades and at an angle of 60° to the direction of the travel.  The soil collected in 105 cm width is formed as bund of size 35 cm on both the sides of the irrigation furrow formed by the inner blades.

 5.Tractor Drawn Trencher 

Function	To form rectangular trench of 30 x 30 cm
Specification
Type	Mounted implement
Power requirement	35 to 45 hp Tractor
Overall dimensions	160  x 940  x 1250 mm
Weight	240 kg
Capacity	1700 m run per hour
Cost of the unit	Rs. 22,000/-
General Information
The unit consists of two mould board bottoms placed in line one behind the other.  The front and rear bottoms operate at a depth of 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm respectively.  The two bottoms throw the removed soil in opposite directions and form vertical walls one on each side of the trench. The mould board shape is formed for easy lifting and throwing of soil away from the trench opened. A safety pin is provided to protect the unit from over loading. An adjustable bar point share is provided in addition to the trench bottom cutting share.
Salient features
It can also be used for laying drip irrigation pipes by opening trenches & Application of manure in coconut fields Cost of operation is Rs. 0.10 per m run of trench as against Rs. 2.00 per m run using manual labour The cost, time and energy saved by machine trenching in comparison to manual trenching were 95, 99 and 53 per cent respectively.

 6.Tractor Drawn Bed Furrow Former 

 

Function	Forms alternate beds and channels in ploughed fields.
Specification
Type	Mounted implement
Power requirement	35 to 45 hp Tractor
Weight	200kg
Capacity	3-3.5 ha per day
Cost of the unit	Rs. 18,000/-
General Information
By using the furrow former in well ploughed and prepared the land, we can form beds of 30 cm top width with ‘V’ shaped channels of 14 cm in depth and 45 cm in top width. The distance between centre to centre of the bed for furrow obtained is 75 cm. The furrow former is lifted by the hydraulic control of the tractor at the head lands.
Salient features
The beds are suitable for planting crops like sorghum, maize, cotton etc. The bed and furrow system is ideally suitable for efficient irrigation and save water. It also facilitates inter-cropping and intercultural operations.

Tillage Implements Important Study Content

 7.Power Tiller Mounted Terracer cum Leveller 

 

Function	For land levelling, terracing and  bund forming
Specification
Type	Mounted implement
Power requirement	8 to 10 hp power tiller
Overall dimensions	1000 x 780 x 580 mm
Weight	35 kg
Capacity	0.08 m3  of soil
Cost of the unit (Approx)	Rs.5,000/-
General Information
The unit consists of 1.0 m wide curved mild steel blade with a steel cutting edge at the bottom. It is attached to the front of the power tiller with the help of a mounting plate. Two solid side support arms made of 25 x 12.5 mm mild steel flat holds the unit rigidly during the operation. The lifting of the blade can be made by tail wheel adjustment of the rotary tiller while keeping the tilt angle constant. Two side guards are provided to avoid spilling of soil on both sides of the blade. Bottom skids made of 2 mm mild steel sheet are provided below the blade for maintaining uniform load.
Salient features
Simple in design, construction and ease of operation and transport Efficient for land levelling with a transportation efficiency of 86.6 per cent Cost of moving 1 m3 of soil to 1 m distance is Rs.3.30. Cost of bund forming is Rs.17.75/m3 which is comparable with the manual bunding.

 8.Power Tiller Operated Slasher cum Insitu Shredder 

Function	For shredding vegetable residues of brinjal, chillies, bhendi, etc. left after harvest and parthenium, etc.
Specification
Type	Power tiller Mounted implement
Power requirement	10 to 15 hp power tiller
Capacity	0.8 ha / day
Cost of the unit (Approximate)	Rs.10000 (attachment)
Cost of operation	Rs.800 / ha
Salient features
Suitable Suitable for any make of power tiller with 10-15 HP Saving in time  – 73% Saving in cost  – 75%

 9.Tractor Operated Pit Digger for Sugar Cane Planting 

Function	For digging pits
Specification
Type	Mounted implement
Power requirement	35 to 45 hp power tiller
Capacity	250 to 300 holes / hour
Cost of the unit (Approximate)	Rs.85000/-
Cost of operation	Rs.300 / hour
Salient features
Dig two pits of 90 cm dia simultaneously at 1.5 m interval to a depth of 30 cm suitable  for planting sugarcane setts Planting of cane in 1.5 x 1.5 m spacing with pit method favours higher cane yield Recommended as technology package under drip fertigation system for cane. Saving in time  – 97% Saving in cost  – 63%

 10.Tractor operated Rotary Spading Machine 

Function	For primary tillage
Specification
Type	Mounted implement
Power requirement	35 – 45 hp tractor
Capacity	1.5 ha/day
Cost of the unit (Approx)	Rs.1,00,000/-
Saving in cost	26 to 38%
Saving in time	96%
Salient features
For deep inter cultivation between rows under hard soils For use in rice fallow cotton & coconut garden

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tillage Implements Important Study Content

Farm Machinery & Tillage Implements Important Study Content