JNKVV & RVSKVV Phd Agronomy Entrance Exam 2023
JNKVV & RVSKVV Phd Agronomy Entrance Exam 2023
Q.1 The rate of accumulation of new dry mass per unit of the existing dry mass of the plants is called as the?
- Absolute growth rate
- Relative growth rate
- Crop growth rate
- Unit production rate
Q.2 In relation to the yield of plants and growth, the ‘Law of Physiological Relationships’ was proposed By?
- Justus von Liebig
- E. A. Mitscherlich
- Frederick Blackman
- B. Baule
Q.3 In quantitative agrobiology, the concept of ‘effect quantity’ was introduced by?
- C. A. Black
- O. W. Willcox
- W. J. Spillman
- B. Baule
Q.4 Who is credited to introduce the ‘Agrobiology’ as branch of science in year 1928?
- O. W. Willcox
- J. D. Colwell
- Carl Sprengel
- Jean-Baptiste Boussingault
Q.5 Which one of the following statements is correct about the ‘inverse yield-nitrogen law’?
- As the specific yield of dry substance increases, the % N in that dry substance increases
- As the specific yield of dry substance increases, the % N in that dry substance decreases
- As the specific yield of dry substance increases, the % N in that dry substance remains the same
- As the specific yield of dry substance decreases, the % N in that dry substance decreases
Q.6 The National Bureau of Soil Survey & Land Use Planning (NBSS&LUP) has divided India into how many agro-ecological zones?
- 5
- 10
- 15
- 20
Q.7 The permanent displacement of the plant from its vertical position due to a failure of the soil–root system is called?
- Stem lodging
- Shoot lodging
- Root lodging
- Shoot and root lodging both
Q.8 Soil pH can be measured with pure water (pHwater) or calcium chloride (pHCaCl2). For the same soil and same soil: water or soil: CaCl2 0.01 M solution ratio, the readings are?
- Typically, 0.2–0.5 units lower in the pHCaCl2 than the pHwater readings
- Typically, 2.0–5.0 units lower in the pHCaCl2 than the pHwater readings
- Typically, 0.2–0.5 units higher in the pHCaCl2 than the pHwater readings
- Typically, 2.0–5.0 units higher in the pHCaCl2 than the pHwater readings
Q.9 The delta pH (ΔpH) value of the soil is the difference between the?
- Soil pH in water and the soil pH in KCl
- Soil pH in KCl and soil pH in CaCl2
- Soil pH in CaCl2 and soil pH in KCl
- Soil pH in KCl and soil pH in water
Q.10 The soil’s resistance to changes in pH when an acid or a base is added, is called as its?
- Saturation capacity
- Cation exchange capacity
- Buffering capacity
- Base saturation
Q.11 The process of transfer and secure storage of atmospheric CO2 into the long-lived soil organic carbon pools, is more appropriately called as the?
- Atmospheric carbon sequestration
- Soil carbon sequestration
- Earth carbon sequestration
- Air carbon sequestration
Q.12 An organic carbon material produced by the pyrolysis, i.e. combustion at low oxygen contents of plant biomass, manures or organic waste products, is known as?
- Artificial humus
- Biochar
- Charcoal
- Black carbon
Q.13 Which one of the following non-essential element for plants imparts the strength to plants to stand up straight and deters some chewing insects? Simultaneously, its high contents can damage the milling machinery?
- Iodine
- Selenium
- Silicon
- Sodium
Q.14 Who authored the famous book ‘Origin of cultivated plants’?
- Nikolai Ivanovich Vavilov
- Alphonse Pyramus de Candolle
- Jack Rodney Harlan
- Charles Robert Darwin
Q.15 Choose one of the following options (factors) that can be least manipulated or managed by the farmers during the process of crop production?
- Improving the biological and chemical condition of the soil
- Protection of the crops from the frost
- Strong winds, hails and floods
- Choice of soils, crops and varieties
Q.16 Crops preserved in succulent condition by the process of fermentation, are considered as the?
- Silage crops
- Hay
- Soilage crops
- Drug crops
Q.17 The major part of the matured cereal kernel (whole grain), being the important source of nourishment during the germination and early seedling stages, is?
- Pericarp
- Aleurone layer
- Endosperm
- Scutellum
Q.18 Maize, rice and wheat belongs to the plant family?
- Fabaceae
- Solanaceae
- Compositae
- Poaceae
Q.19 Which one of the following plants has the Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) pathway for carbon dioxide assimilation (photosynthesis)?
- Castor (Ricinus communis)
- Sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris)
- Pineapple (Ananas comosus)
- Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
Q.20 Which one of the following statements is incorrect about the carbon dioxide assimilation (photosynthesis) by the crop plants?
- The C3 pathway is less efficient than the C4 pathway
- The C4 pathway is more efficient than the C3 pathway
- The C4 plants experience a loss of energy through the process of photorespiration
- The C3 plants experience a loss of energy through the process of photorespiration
Q.21 The ‘Golden rice’ was genetically engineered rice to contain more of the?
- Provitamin A
- Vitamin C
- Oil
- Protein
Q.22 The purpose of mulching does not include?
- Weed suppression in the crops
- Improvement in soil texture
- Moisture retention in the soil
- Temperature moderation of the soil
JNKVV & RVSKVV Phd Agronomy Entrance Exam 2023
Q.23 Subsoiling is usually practiced to?
- Control the weeds
- Break the compaction in the subsoil
- Improve the soil structure
- Bring the subsoil onto the top of soil
Q.24 Which one of the following crop management practices would not substantially affect the amount of sunlight trapped by the crops?
- Plant density
- Plant (row) arrangement
- Mulching
- Weed control
Q.25 Light is considered as an important factor controlling the growth and development of the crops.Choose the incorrect statement about the effect of light on the growth and development of the Crops?
- The productivity of the crops is affected by the light intensity, quality and duration
- The light intensity does not impact the crop structure (etiolation, tillering, and branching)
- The light duration impacts the flowering of the crops
- The light duration impacts the maturity of the crops
Q.26 The soil compaction may not result in?
- Unrestricted root development of the crops in soil
- Incomplete and uneven crop growth in the field
- Increased runoff from the field
- Ponding of water on the soil surface in the field
Q.27 Essential plant nutrients, particularly the micronutrients, interact in the soil that affect their availability to the crops. When the two essential plant nutrients interact in the soil to cause a greater effect on their availability than the sum of these two plant nutrients separately, is called as?
- Antagonistic effect
- Adversative effect
- Synergistic effect
- Negative effect
Q.28 Choose the incorrect statement about the functions performed by the Arbascular Mycorrhizae (AM) fungi?
- Increase the absorptive area of roots
- Absorb and transfer only the micronutrients necessary for the plant growth
- Release the ‘‘tightly bound’’ soil nutrients, e.g. phosphorous, iron, and others
- Protection of the host plants from the abiotic and biotic stresses
Q.29 Which one of the following ions has the least strength of the adsorption on the clay colloids?
- Mg+2
- K+
- NH4+
- Na+
Q.30 Which one of the following statements is incorrect about the “Soil Nutrients’ Buffering Capacity” (BC)?
- It is the ability of the soil to resupply ion to the soil solution from different sources
- It is the ratio of the concentrations of the adsorbed (∆Q) ion and solution (∆I) ion
- It is the ratio of the concentrations of the solution (∆I) ion and the adsorbed (∆Q) ion
- Soils may vary in the buffering capacity, some may have more and others less
Q.31 PGS (certification) stands for?
- Post Guarantee Scheme
- Post Graduate Scheme
- Participatory Guarantee Service
- Participatory Guarantee System
Q.32 Famous books “The One-Straw Revolution: An Introduction to Natural Farming” and “The Natural Way of Farming – The Theory and Practice of Green Philosophy” were written by?
- Masanobu Fukuoka
- Lady Eve Balfour
- Rudolf Steiner
- Jethro Tull
JNKVV & RVSKVV Phd Agronomy Entrance Exam 2023
Q.33 Sikkim became India’s First fully organic state in the year?
- 2017
- 2016
- 2015
- 2014
Q.34 FSSAI’ stands for?
- Food Safety and Satisfaction Authority of India
- Food Safety and Standard Authority of India
- Food Standard and Safety Authority of India
- Food Safety and Sub-standard Authority of India
Q.35 Which one of the following is not an important practice to manage the insect-pests under the organic crop production?
- Manipulation of crop rotations to minimize the survival of crop-specific pests
- Monoculture
- Manipulation of the pH- and moisture level of the soil
- Sanitation and deep ploughing of crop residues, etc.
Q.36 The response curves are fitted by using?
- The method of least squares
- The method of most squares
- The method of highest squares
- The method of maximum squares
Q.37 The sum of squares due to regression when as expressed as the proportion of the total sum of squares, is?
- Coefficient of correlation
- Coefficient of linear correlation
- Coefficient of determination
- Regression coefficient
Q.38 Which one among the following is not the correct strategy for the management of the insect-pests in agroecosystems?
- Exclusion
- Extinction
- Eradication
- Resistance
Q.39 A group of individuals of one species occurring at one location constitutes a/an?
- Agroecosystem
- Ecosystem
- Population
- Environment
Q.40 The process by which one plant species affects the other through the biologically active substances produced into the soil, either directly by exudation from the same plant, or due to the
decay of its residues, is known as?
- Allelopathy
- Allelochemicals
- Interference
- Exploitation
Q.41 Which one among the following does not fall under the merits of the monoculture?
- Industrialized nations have the technology to grow the crops in monoculture
- Monocultures are responsible for producing very large quantities of the food that feed the
world
- Monocultures are easier to manage
- Monocultures are difficult to manage
Q.42 Donald is credited with developing the principles of competition among the plants in crops mixtures. Which one among the following, as per Donald, is not the basic principle governing the plant association in mixtures?
- Mixtures generally yield less than the higher-yielding pure culture
- Mixtures generally yield less than the lower-yielding pure culture
- Mixtures generally yield more than the lower-yielding pure culture
- Mixtures generally yield less than the average of the two pure cultures, but may yield more
Q.42 The interaction of the two or more crop species planted as mixed cultures perform better in mixtures than their respective pure stand, is?
- Supplementary interaction
- Complementary interaction
- Competitive interaction
- Mixture interaction
Q.43 When the alternative strips of the row crops and the soil-conserving crops are grown on the same slope or elevation perpendicular to the wind direction or water flow, it is called as the?
- Field strip cropping
- Buffer strip cropping
- Contour strip cropping
- Overlap strip cropping
Q.44 The ‘silvopastoral’ form of agroforestry consists of?
- Pastures only
- Crops, animals and trees
- Crops, animals, pastures and trees
- Trees with grazing pastures or fodder production
Q.45 A key goal of the organic farming is to operate the farm as a/an?
- Closed system as much as possible
- Open system as much as possible
- Artificial system as much as possible
- Conventional system as much as possible
Q.46 Choose the incorrect statement about the organic farming?
- Organic farmers do not use any synthetic fertilizers
- Organic farming is unsustainable
- Roundup herbicide is allowed in organic farming
- Crop rotations help in managing the soil fertility, insect-pests, and diseases in the organic farming
Q.47 Select the most appropriate advantage of the conventional tillage from the following?
- Easier to apply fertilizers/ amendments, and perform cultural operations smoothly
- Increased soil compaction
- Loss of the soil organic matter
- Erosion of the top soil
Q.48 Which one among the following is not considered as the form of the conservation tillage?
- Primary tillage
- Zero tillage
- Minimum tillage
- Ridge tillage
Q.49 Choose the most appropriate disadvantage of the conservation tillage from the following?
- Reduced erosion of soil by water or wind
- Higher risk of insect-pests and diseases during the early crop establishment period
- Increased soil organic matter levels over the prolonged period of adoption
- Moderation of the soil temperature
Q.50 Seeding of crops is usually practiced after the?
- Primary tillage
- Secondary tillage
- Harrowing
- Land levelling
Q.51 The persistence (residual effect) of the herbicides in the soil is favoured by the?
- High temperature and moist environment
- Low rate of herbicide application
- Low temperature and dry environment
- High microbial activity
Q.52 The biotic factors that cause crop yield reduction do not include?
- Weeds
- Insect-pests
- Chilling and freezing injury
- Non-insect invertebrates
Q.53 The successful establishment of a crop stand does not depend primarily on the?
- Crop genetic factors
- Excessive tillage and land preparation
- Crop management factors
- Climatic and soil factors
Q.54 Which one of the following statements is incorrect about the depth of seeding of the field crops?
- The large-seeded crops are generally sown deeper than the small-seeded crops
- The small-seeded crops are generally sown deeper than the large-seeded crops
- For the same crop, the seed is sown comparatively deeper in sandy than in the clay soil
- For the same crop and soil, the moisture availability would determine the depth of seeding
Q.55 The broadcast seeding of the crops leads to the uneven crop establishment for the several reasons. Choose the incorrect statement about the broadcast seeding of the crops from the following?
- Poor distribution of the seed in the field
- Uneven depth of the seed placement
- Broadcast sowing requires lower seed rate than the line sowing
- Some seed may not be covered by the soil and hence may not germinate
Q.56 The pattern of the variation in the meteorological factors over a large area formed over many years, is called the?
- Climate change
- Climate
- Environment
- Weather
Q.57 The partial lifting of the plants out of the ground, as a result of the freezing and thawing of the surface soil during the winter season, is called as?
- Chilling
- Freezing
- Uprooting
- Heaving
Q.58 The soil structure can be destroyed by?
- Compaction by traffic of farm animals and machinery
- Adoption of crop rotations
- Ploughing the wet soil
- Excessive tillage
Q.59 The clay mineral with 1:1 lattice structure that resists the swelling upon wetting and shrinking upon drying, is considered as?
- Expanding clay
- Clay colloid
- Non-expanding clay
- Soil colloid
Q.60 The degree of soil acidity or alkalinity, generally expressed as a pH value, is also known as?
- Soil action
- Soil reaction
- Soil pH
- Soil solution
Q.61 Soil salinity can be measured by the?
- Electrical conductivity
- Water conductivity
- Soil conductivity
- Base saturation
Q.62 The biological reduction of the nitrate or nitrite to the gaseous nitrogen or nitrogen oxides, is called the process of?
- Nitrification
- Denitrification
- Ammonia volatilization
- Nitrogen loss
Q.63 Soil organic matter consists of about?
- 15 – 20 % Carbon
- 25 – 30 % Carbon
- 35 – 40 % Carbon
- 45 – 50 % Carbon
Q.64 The decomposition of the organic matter produces humus in the soil. Which one of the following is incorrect statement about the properties of the soil humic substances?
- Humin is insoluble in the sodium hydroxide solution
- Humin is soluble in the sodium hydroxide solution
- Fulvic acid is soluble in the sodium hydroxide solution
- Humic acid is soluble in the sodium hydroxide solution
Q.65 The essential plant nutrients that are considered as non-mineral include?
- Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen
- Carbon, Hydrogen and Nitrogen
- Carbon, Hydrogen and Phosphorus
- Carbon, Hydrogen and Sulphur
JNKVV & RVSKVV Phd Agronomy Entrance Exam 2023
Q.67 A condition in which the plant or plant part becomes light green or greenish yellow?
- Necrosis
- Chlorosis
- Meiosis
- Genesis
Q.68 The conversion of an element from an organic form to an inorganic form as a result of the microbial decomposition, is known as?
- Immobilization
- Ammonification
- Nitrification
- Mineralization
Q.69The rendering of the phosphorus unavailable to the plants through the formation of the insoluble complexes in the soil is called as the?
- Phosphorus mineralization
- Phosphorus solubilisation
- Phosphorus cycling
- Phosphorus fixation
Q.70 Choose the incorrect statement about the availability of the phosphorus in soils?
- At low soil pH, the iron and aluminium ions react with the phosphorus to produce the
Precipitates
- At high soil pH, the calcium precipitates the phosphorus
- Phosphorus is more soluble under the aerobic than under the anaerobic (flooded) condition
- Plants absorb phosphorus in the soluble forms of H2PO4- and HPO4-2
Q.71 This essential plant nutrient involved in the protein synthesis, is?
- Molybdenum
- Boron
- Chlorine
- Nickel
Q.72 The ratio between the grain yield of a crop (in kg) and plant nutrient applied (in kg) through fertilizer is called the?
- Crop response to fertilizer
- Fertilizer use response
- Fertilizer response to crop
- Crop-Fertilizer- response
Q.73 The maintenance or adjustment of the soil fertility and supply of plant nutrients to an optimum level for sustaining the desired crop productivity through the optimization of benefit from all possible resources, is?
- Integrated Plant Management
- Integrated and Balanced Nutrient Support
- Integrated Nutrient Management
- Integrated Nutrient System
Q.74 Choose the incorrect statement about the effect of drought or water deficit on the physiological and morphological characteristics of the plants?
- Severe drought lowers the water content and increases the respiration
- Severe drought lowers the water content and decreases the respiration
- Decrease in size of the cells and inter cellular spaces, and thicker cell wall
- The activity of the abscisic acid and ethylene increases
Q.75 Choose the incorrect option about the sensitivity of the pearl millet crop to the drought condition?
- Post-flowering drought, either alone or in combination with pre-flowering drought, is common in pearl millet
- Flowering and grain-filling periods are most sensitive to the water stress in pearl millet
- Flowering and grain-filling periods are least sensitive to the water stress in pearl millet
- Moisture stress at flowering and grain filling decreases the panicle number and the grain mass
Q.76 Which one of the following statements is incorrect about the construction of the tied ridges in rainfed farming?
- Tied ridges help in reducing the runoff
- Tied ridges help in increasing the infiltration of water
- Tied ridges decrease the water storage in the field
- Tied ridges help in increasing the crop yields
Q.77 There are many strategies for the successful farming in the dryland areas. Which one of the following is not the important part of the strategy in dryland farming?
- Retaining the precipitation on the land
- Reducing the evaporation from the soil surface
- Increasing the evapotranspiration rates
- Utilizing the crops that have better drought tolerance
Q.78 Cultivation of the crops under dry farming is practiced in the regions with the annual rainfall of?
- Less than 500 mm
- Less than 750 mm
- Less than 1150 mm
- More than 1150 mm
Q.79 The country having the highest area under the rainfed farming in Asia, is?
- China
- India
- Indonesia
- Thailand
Q.80 The area from which the rainwater flows into a particular river or lake, is called as the?
- Critical area
- Elevated area
- Catchment area
- Water distribution area
Q.81 Choose the incorrect aim of the water harvesting from the following?
- To mitigate the effects of temporal shortage of rain
- To recharge the groundwater
- To provide the protective irrigation
- To maximize the risks in drought-prone areas
Q.82 The scheme “National Watershed Development Project for Rainfed Areas” (NWDPRA) was launched in the year?
- 1960-61
- 1970-71
- 1980-81
- 1990-91
Q.83 Choose the weed management option that is not preventive in nature?
- Use weed-free crop seed
- Use well-decomposed manures
- Remove weeds near the irrigation ditches, fence rows, etc. before seed setting
- Use pendimethalin as pre-emergence
Q.84 A weed management practice in which the weed seeds just below the soil surface are allowed to germinate and then these are killed by chemicals or tillage prior to planting of the crop, is?
- The stale seedbed technique
- The sale seedbed technique
- The novel seedbed technique
- The innovative seedbed technique
Q.85 The addition of crop residues on the soil surface reduces the weed population by?
- Conserving the water
- Suppressing the weed seed germination and seedling emergence
- Increasing the disease incidence in the germinating weed seeds
- Improving the soil structure
Q.86 The prolonged adoption of the rice–wheat system in the north-western India has resulted in the increased population of the?
- Grassy weeds only
- Sedges only
- Grassy weeds and sedges both
- Broad-leaved weeds only
Q.87 Choose the weed species that is considered as the crop-associated weed in the Lucerne (alfalfa) Crop?
- Purple nut sedge
- Barnyard grass
- Dodder
- Wild oat
Q.88 The general rate of application of the pendimethalin as pre-emergence herbicide for different crops varies between?
- 300 – 400 g/ha
- 450 – 600 g/ha
- 600 – 650 g/ha
- 1000 – 1250 g/ha
Q.89 For the control of annual grasses, especially wild oat in wheat crop, the most effective herbicide is?
- Clodinafop propargyl
- 2,4 – D
- Metsulfuron methyl
- Carfentrazone ethyl
Q.90 The bispyribac-sodium herbicide in India is used most commonly in the crop?
- Maize
- Rice
- Wheat
- Cotton
Q.91 Profluralin, trifluralin and pendimethalin herbicides belong to the following chemical group of the Herbicides?
- Dinitrophenol
- Dicarboximide
- Dinitroaniline
- Diphenyl ether
Q.92 The mode of action of chlorimuron, chlorsulfuron, foramsulfuron, prosulfuron and tribenuron (sulfonylurea group) herbicides is?
- Inhibition of microtubule assembly
- Inhibition of acetolactate synthase
- Inhibition of indole acetic acid transport
- Inhibition of glutamine synthetase
Q.93 The chemical, physical and biological characteristics of the water in respect of its suitability for a particular purpose is known as?
- Water quality index
- Water quality
- Water salinity
- Water acidity
Q.94 The proportion of the water delivered to the irrigated field from the total water diverted from the source is?
- Water distribution efficiency
- Water conveyance efficiency
- Water use efficiency
- Water application efficiency
Q.95 The measure of tenacity with which water is retained in the soil is known as?
- Soil moisture tension
- Solute potential
- Osmotic potential
- Pressure potential
Q.96 The manner in which the water is controlled and applied to an area is called as?
- Irrigation scheduling
- Irrigation method
- Irrigation period
- Irrigation coefficient
Q.97 The total quantity of water that enters the soil in a given time is known as?
- Infiltration
- Active infiltration
- Percolation
- Cumulative infiltration
Q.98 That portion of total soil water potential due to the presence of solutes in soil water, is called as?
- Matric potential
- Osmotic potential
- Gravimetric potential
- Potential evapo-transpiration
Q.99 The IFOAM stands for?
- The Indian Farmers’ Organization for Agricultural Movements
- The Indian Farmers’ Organic Agriculture Movements
- The International Farmers’ Organic Agriculture Movements
- The International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements
Q.100 Which one of the following statements is incorrect about the characteristics of the ‘Western Himalayas’ agro-ecological zone?
- Mild summer and severe winter
- Mean annual temperature of less than 8°C
- Mean annual rainfall of more than 1500 mm
- Apricot and apple are the important fruit crops
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