Weedicides & Weeds Important Study Point
Subject:- Weed Science
Weedicides & Weeds Important Study Point
1.Quality parameters for irrigation water
| Class | EC (dsm-1) | RSC (meq/l) | SAR |
| Good | <2.0 | <2.5 | <10 |
| Normal | 2-4 | <2.5 | <10 |
| Sodic | 4 | >2.5 | >10 |
| Poor | >4 | >2.5 | >10 |
2.Differences between Dry Farming and Rainfed Farming
| Dry Farming | Rainfed Farming |
| Rainfall less than 750 mm | Rain fall more than 750 mm |
| Rainfall distribution is erratic | Rainfall is well distributed |
| PET (Potential Evapo Transpiration) exceeds rainfall | Rainfall is more than PET |
| Arid and semiarid climate | Humid and temperate climate |
| Crops are subjected to severe moisture stress | Crops don’t face moisture stress |
| Soil moisture conservation are important | Runoff and erosion control are important |
3.Weeds act as host for insect pest and disease
| Weeds | Insect pest/disease | Crop affected |
| Echinochola colonum | Stem borer | Rice |
| Chenopodium album | Gram caterpillar | Cotton, pea and tomato |
| Agropyron portulaca | Wilt | Tomato |
| Cenchurus ciliaris | Ergot | Pearl millet |
| Leersia oryzoides | Bacterial leaf blight | Rice |
| Saccharum spontaneum | Downy mildew | Maize |
| Agropyroit repens | Rust | Wheat |
4.Vegetative propagation of weeds
| Weed | Propagation |
| Bermuda grass | Rhizome/runners/stolons |
| Tiger grass | Rhizome |
| Johanson grass | Rhizome |
| Purple nut sedge | Tubers |
| Water hyacinth | offsets |
5.WEED CONTROL BY BIO-AGENTS
| Weed species | Agent |
| Salvinia molesta (water fern) | Curculinoid weevil, Crytobagus singularis |
| Tribulus terrestris | Microlarinus lypriformis, M. lareynil |
| Opuntia dilleni | Cochineal scale insect- Dactylopius tomentosus |
| Lantana camara | Crocidosema lantana, Teleonemia scrupulosa |
| Parthenium hysterophorus | Zygogramma bicolarata |
- Bio-herbicies:- The bio-herbicide approach involves spray of specific fungal spores or its fermentation products against the target weed. These preparations are called Mycoherbicides’.
- Non-specific agents:- White amur feeds several weed species Lemna, Hydrilla, Potamogeton. Besides silver carp, common carp also feed large amount of algae.
6.Mycoherbicides and target weed
| Product | Content | Target weed |
| Devine | Phytophthora palmivora | Strangle vine, Morrenia odorate in citrus |
| Bipolaris | Bipolaris sorghicola | Jhonson grass- Sorghum halepens |
| Bilophos hygoscopius | Steptomyces general vegetation | Non-specific |
| Collego | WP of fungal spores of Colletotrichunm gleosporiodes. | It cause stem & leaf blight. |
7.Phenomenon
| Term | Definition |
| Isobar | Imaginary lines connecting points of equal atmospheric pressures. |
| Isohytes | Imaginary lines connecting points of equal amounts of rainfall. |
| Isochrone | Imaginary lines connecting points of same times. |
| Isobath | Imaginary lines connecting points of equal water table elevations. |
| Isohels | Imaginary lines connecting points of equal sunshine hours. |
| Isopleuth | Imaginary lines connecting points of equal evaporation values. |
| Isostere | Imaginary lines connecting points of constant moisture contents. |
| Isogonals | Imaginary lines connecting points of same magnetic destination. |
| Isophene | Imaginary lines connecting points of similar seasonal phenomenon. |
| Isoseismals | Imaginary lines connecting points of equal seismic activities. |
| Isotherm | Imaginary lines connecting points of equal temperatures. |
| Isotach | Imaginary lines connecting points of equal wind velocities. |
| Contour | Lines joining point of equal elevations |
| Isopleths | Line joining uniform values of any phenomena |
| Isopluvial | Lines joining equal depth of rainfall |
| Isotope | Elements having equal number of neutrons |
| Isodemic | Lines which join the places of similar disease severity |
| Isoclines | A curve connecting the least cost combinations of input for all output |
8.ICAR Awards
| Award Name | Field | Periodicity |
| Hari Om Ashram Trust Award | Published research in Crop Science, Horticulture and Animal sciences | Biannual |
| Vasantrao Naik Award | Water Conservation & Dry land farming | Annual |
| Outstanding Women Agricultural Scientist Award | To encourage ICAR woman scientists | Annual |
| Jawaharlal Nehru Award | Best Ph.D. in the field of Agricultural & Allied Sciences | Annual |
| Rafi Ahmed Kidwai Memorial Award | Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Allied Sciences | Two years |
| Fakruddin Ali Ahmed Award | Agricultural Research in Tribal area | Two years |
| ICAR Young Scientist | In the field of Agricultural & Allied Sciences | Two years |
| Outstanding Teacher Award (for 8 personalities) | Agricultural & Allied fields | Two years |
| ICAR Team Award | For disciplinary research work in Agricultural & Allied fields | Three years |
9.Weedicides in Field and Horticultural crops
| Weedicide | Rate Kg/ha (a.1.) | Time of Application |
| Wheat | ||
| 2,4-D | 1.2 | Post-emergence |
| Pendimethlin | 0.5 | Pre-emergence |
| Maize | ||
| Atrazine | 2.0 | Pre-emergence |
| Sugarcane | ||
| Metribuzin | 1.5 | Pre-emergence |
| Simazine | 4.5 | Pre-emergence |
| 2,4-D | 2.0 | Post-emergence |
| Potato | ||
| Paraquat | 2.5 | Post-emergence |
| Metribuzine | 1.0 | Pre-emergence |
| Gram | ||
| Pendimethalin | 1.0 | Pre-emergence |
| Fluchloralin | 1.0 | Pre-planting |
| Mustard | ||
| Butachlor | 1.5 | Pre-emergence |
| Sunflower | ||
| Siramet | 4.0 | Pre-planting |
| Bajra | ||
| Atrazine | 1.0 | Pre-emergence |
| Sorghum | ||
| Simazine | 1.0 | Pre-emergence |
| Groundnut | ||
| Oxyflurofen | 0.24 | Pre-emergence |
| Fluchloralin | 1.5 | Pre-planting |
| Pendimethalin | 0.75 | Pre-emergence |
| Paddy | ||
| Benthiocarb | 1.0 | Pre-emergence |
| Pigeonpea | ||
| Pendimethalin | 1.0 | Pre-emergence |
| Cotton | ||
| Oxidizon, Diuron | 1.0 | Pre-emergence |
| Onion | ||
| Fluchloralin | 2.0 | Pre-planting |
| Garlic | ||
| Oxyflurofen | 0.24 | Pre-emergence |
| Oxadiazon | 0.75 | Pre-emergence |
| Fluchloralin | 0.90 | Pre-planting |
| Tomato | ||
| Metribuzine | 0.7 | Pre-emergence |
| Cauliflower | ||
| Aptec | 4.5 | Pre-planting |
| Cabbage | ||
| Fluchloralin | 2.0 | Pre-planting |
| Lucerne | ||
| Decathal | 2.0 | Pre-planting |
| 2,4-D | 1.5 | Post-emergence |
Weedicides & Weeds Important Study Point
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Thanks you for providing us such a great excellent knowledge.
I’ve a question about post emg.. herbiside for other monocot in bajra.
Good information