Soil Science One Liners
Soil Science One Liners For Agriculture Competitive Exams CWC, FCI, & National Seed Corporation
| Question | Answer |
| Beneficial elements are ? | Co, Si, Na, Ni, Va |
| Silicon is essential for? | Rice, Maize |
| Special kinds of alkaline soils? | Takyr and Lunettes |
| Azotobacter is used for the crops like? | Rice, Cotton and Sugarcane |
| Black soils found in? | Maharashtra |
| Water help up to the tension about 31 atm is known as? | Hygroscopic coefficient. |
| Nif: gene responsible for? | N-fixation |
| Black soils are best suitable for? | Dry land agriculture |
| According to USDA, soils have been divided into? | 10 orders |
| The red soils are red in colour due to presence of? | Iron oxide |
| Botanical name of Gladiolus? | Gladiolus grandiflorus |
| Soils having pH value <7.0? | Acid soil |
| Most dominant mineral on earth crust? | Feldspars (48%) |
| Mechanical analysis of soils separation is done by? | Hydrometric method |
| In red soils the dominant clay mineral is? | Kaolinite |
| One cm of surface soil over one ha of land weight is? | 150 tones |
| Total pore space are highest in? | Clay soils |
| The weight of furrow slice of soil is? |
2.25 x 106 Kg/ha |
| Wood is mainly decomposed by? | Actinomycetes |
| Population of actinomycetes is higher in? | Alkaline soils |
| In addition of organic matter bulk density? | Decreases |
| Soils having more than 20% organic matter known as? | Organic soils |
| The soils which have pH <4.0 are known as? | Cat soils |
| Canker nodules are mostly found in? | Red soils |
|
Chlorites are type of mineral? |
2:1:1 type mineral |
| Veriniculate is a type of mineral? | 2:1 limited expanding |
| Montmorillonite is a type of mineral ? | 2:1 expanding type |
| Kaolinite is a typc of mincral? | 1:1 non expanding |
| Particle density of most of the soil is? | 2.65 g/cc |
| Bulk density of general soil ? | 1.33 g/cc |
| Question | Answer |
| N% in Thio urea? | 36.8% |
| Organic carbon is determined by? | 1. Walkey or Black method 2. Morgan’s method |
| N percentage in “Kisan khad” (CAN)? | 28% N |
| N percentage in urea? | 46% N |
| K20% in murate of potash (KCl)? | 60% |
| N% in ammonium sulphate? | 20.6% N |
| Highest N percentage in fertilizer? | Aqueous ammonia (80%) N |
| N percentage in cotton cake? | 6.5% N |
| Major source of Mo? | Olivine |
| Least resistant to weathering? | Calcite |
| N% in sodium nitrate? | 16% N |
| Ca % in Gypsum (CaSo4.2H2O) ? | 29.2% Ca |
| P205% in single super phosphate ? | 16-20% P205 |
| N2 and P205% in DAP? | 16% N 48% P205 |
| Major source of Mg? | Dalomite |
| Chief constituent of sandy fraction? | Quartz |
| Granite and Basalt are type of rocks? | Igneous rocks |
| Fastest N fixing plant? | Sesbania rostrata |
| K20% in potassium sulphate? | 48-52% |
| Diameter of silt particle is? | 0.02-0.002 mm. |
| Diameter of fine sand particle is? | 0.02-0.2 mm |
| ‘O’ Horizon is absent in? | Arable soils. |
| Top most mineral horizon is? | A’ Horizon |
| Diameter of clay particle is? | Less than 0.002 mm |
| Most outstanding green manure crop? | Sun hemp |
| Weight of soil Furrow slice? | 2.25 x106 kg/ha |
| Which Soil structure is best for cultivation is? | Crumby structure. |
| “Law of minimum” was proposed by? | J.V. Liebig (1840) |
| Limestone, Dolomite, Sandstone, which type of rock? | Sedimentary rocks |
| Most of the exchange of gases in soil is due to? | Diffusion |
Soil Science One Liners
| Question | Answer |
| Soil type vertisol is related to? | Black soil |
| Kaolinite is a type of mineral? | 1:1 type |
| Major source of Mn? | Pirolusic |
| Soil have highest cation exchange capacity? | Black clayey soil |
|
Pascal (Pa) is the SI unit of? |
Pressure |
| The soils which are most suitable for the most of the crops are? | Sandy loam |
| Diameter of coarse sand particle is? | 0.2-2 mm. |
| The word ‘Zero tillage’ was termed by? | Jethro Tull |
| First country to introduce zero tillage? | U.S.A |
| Microorganism have highest biomass in soil? | Fungi |
| Block Delivery Scheme (BDS) for fertilizer was launched in? | 1980-81 |
| Indian Institute of Soil Science (IISS) is situated in? | Bhopal |
| Nutrient essential for energy transformation ?. | Phosphorus |
| Loss of N2 in the form of NH3 in alkaline medium? | Volatilization |
| Highest production of F.Y.M. in state? | Karnataka |
| C:N ratio for normal soils are? | 10:1 ratio |
| C:N ratio of micro organism? | 4:1 to 9: 1 |
| Rose is commonly propagated by? | T’ or shield budding |
| Acid soils are mainly found in the state? | Kerela state |
| Nitrate fertilizers should be applied in? | Oxidized zone |
| C: N ratio of farm yard manure? | 25:1 to 30:1 |
| Ammonical fertilizers should be applied in? | Reduced zone |
| Study of soils in relation to higher plants is called? | Edaphology |
| C:N ratio of leguminous? | 20:1 to 30 1 |
| E. C. of humus? | 150-300 C mol (P kg soil] |
| Excess of Ca in soil than availability of P? | Decreases |
| Particle more than 250 mm in diameter is known as? | Stone |
| Rose is propageted by? | T-budding. |
| Alluvial horizon is? | B’ horizon. |
| Gladiolus is propagated by? | Corn |
| Maximum Eluviation horizon is? | ‘E’ horizon |
Soil Science One Liners
| Question | Answer |
| Optimum temperature and pH for nitrifying bacteria is ? | Temperature 30-35°C, pH 6.5-7.5. |
| Particle density of most of the soils is? | 65 g/cm |
| Chlorites are which type of mineral? | 2:1:1 type mineral |
| Recently formed soil order is? | Entisols |
| Bulk density of general soils is? | 1.33 mg/cm3 |
| Micas are type of mineral? | Non expending type mineral |
| Vermiculate is a type of mineral? | limited expending 2: 1 type mineral. |
| Organic matter content in Indian soils is generally? | <0.5% |
| C.E.C. of montmorillonite? | 86-100 c mol (P+)/kg soil |
| C.E.C. of vermiculate? | 80-150 c mol (P +)/kg soil |
| N% in cotton cake ? | 6,5% |
| C:N ratio of humus? | 10: I |
| High lime requirement crops are? | Soybean or Sugar beet |
| Fertilizer Control Act (FCA) was introduced in year? | 1957 |
| Central fertilizer pool was started in year? | 1944 |
| Classification of soils by ICAR in? | 8 groups. |
| Black cotton soils are found in? | Maharashtra, MP |
| Thornless variety of rose is? | Chitra |
| Major source of P? | Apatite. |
| Native of Marigold? | Mexico |
| Problems of soils are highest in? | U.P |
| Permissible soil loss by water is? | 12 t/ha |
| No. of soils orders according to 7th approximation classifications are? | 11 orders |
| Major source of K? | Orthoclase |
| Acid tolerant crop is? | Rice |
| Highly salt tolerant crops are? | Barley, sugar-beet. |
| Urea is considered as type of fertilizer? | Organic fertilizer |
| Major source of B? | Tourmaline |
| Excess vegetative growth is duet? | High supply of nitrogen. |
| Alluvial soils are dominant in? | U.P |
Soil Science One Liners
| Question | Answer |
| The term ‘Colloids was given by? | Grahm (1861) |
| Azolla is widely used as a bio fertilizer in? | Rice crop |
| Formula of castic soda is? | NaOH |
| Black cotton soils are deficient in? | Nitrogen & O.M |
| Urea in the presence of enzyme urease converted in to? | Ammonium Carbamat |
| Formula of backing soda is? | NaHCO |
| In black soils the dominant clay mineral is? | Montmorillonite |
| soil particles <0.001mm diameter have? | Colloidal property |
| Organic matter content in Indian soils is generally? | Less than 0.5% |
| In which state red soils are dominant? | Tamil Nadu |
| Fine texture soils are more sensitive to? | Water erosion |
| Highest SSP producer plants are in state? | Rajasthan |
| Process of mixing of soils is known as? | Pedoturbation |
| Highest No. of nitrogenous fertilizer plants are in state? | U.P. and Gujarat |
|
‘O’ horizon is absent in which soils? |
Arable soils |
| Which pulse crop docs not fix N from the atmosphere? | Rajma |
| Die back of citrus occurs due to? | Cu deficiency |
| Sickle leaf disease occur due to? | P deficiency |
| Failure of terminal bud or root tip due to? | Ca deficiency |
| Tea yellow disease occurs due to? | S deficiency |
| Top sickness of tobacco occurs due to? | B deficiency |
| Chlorosis in between the veins and veins? | Mg Deficiency |
| Interveinal chlorosis occurs due to? | Mg and Fe deficiency |
| Tip burn, margin scorching shows the deficiency of? | K+ |
| Brittle loaf occurs due to? | Ca deficiency |
| Little leaf of cotton occurs due to ? | Zn deficiency |
| White tip or white bud of maize occurs due to? | Zn deficiency |
| Complete interveinal chlorosis occurs due to? | Mn deficiency |
| Pollen sterility in wheat is due to? | Boron-deficiency |
| Grey speck of oat, First blight of sugarcane caused by? | Mn deficiency |
| Rosetting and excess gumming occurs due to? | Cu deficiency |
| Excess vegetative growth is due to the supply of? | High supply of N |
| Whip-tail of cauliflower occurs due to the deficiency of? | Mo deficiency |
| Major constituent of chlorophyll is? | Mg |
Soil Science One Liners
| Question | Answer |
| Deficiency symptoms of N, P, K, Mg and Mo appear in? | Older leaves |
| New leaves show deficiency symptoms of? | Fe, Mn, Cu, S |
| Old and new leaves show deficiency symptoms of? | Zn |
| Deficiency symptoms of Ca and B appear in? | Terminal buds |
| Cereal crops show ‘V’ shaped pale yellowing at lower leaf tips due to deficiency of? | N |
| Deficiency appears as short inter-nodes in plant? | N |
| Purple coloration appeared in leaves due to? | P deficiency |
| Scorching and burning on margins of bottom leaves and irregular fruit development of plant are most common symptoms of? | K deficiency |
| Downward cupping of leaves in Tobacco and Tea shows? | S deficiency |
| Whip like structure appeared in terminal bud? | B deficiency |
| Burning quality of Tobacco decreased due to? | Chloride |
| Upper leaves will s how chlorosis on midrib, veins green and dead spots occur in all parts of leaf (veins, tips and margins) show? | Zn deficiency |
| Translucent spots of irregular shape between veins shows? | Mo deficiency |
| Inter-veinal yellowing of younger leaves shows | Mn deficiency |
| Zn toxicity is reduced by addition of? | Super phosphate |
| A situation in which a crop needs more of a given nutrient yet has shown no deficiency symptoms? | Hidden Hunger |
| Luxury consumed nutrient by plants i.e. maize? | K |
| Excess of N, P and K causes deficiency of? | Cu |
| Excess of Ca causes deficiency of? | P |
| Deficiency of N indicated by plant? | Cauliflower |
| Deficiency of Bo indicated by plant? | Sugar beet |
Soil Science One Liners
| Question | Answer |
| Soils having at least 20% Organic Matter are known as? | Organic soil |
| Sulphur percentage in ammonium sulphate? | 24% |
| N% in ammonium sulphate nitrate? | 26% N |
| Substances added to soils for the improvement of their condition known as? | Amendments |
| Equivalent acidity of NaNO3? | 29 |
| Equivalent acidity of ammonium nirate? | 60 |
| Equivalent acidity of NH4CI? | 128 |
| Equivalent acidity of DAP? | 77 |
| Equivalent acidity of Urea? | 80-85 |
| Equivalent acidity of (NH4)2S04? | 110 |
| Equivalent acidity of Ca(NO3 )2? | 21 |
| Wood is mainly decomposed by? | Actinomycetes |
| Laterite soils are dominant in? | Karnataka and Kerala |
| N.Р.К. % in F.Y.M? | 0.5% N, 0.2% P205, 0.5 K20 |
| The fertilizer having less than 25% of the primary nutrient known as? | Low analysis fertilizers |
| Apical bud dominance is caused by which hormone? | Auxin |
| Most outstanding green manure crop is? | Sunhemp (Crotalaria juncea) |
| Queen of flowers? | Roses. |
| Bioret should be according to fertilizer control order? | <1.5 |
|
Rhizobium trifolii is used for? |
Trifoliem (Clover) |
| Ballast elements are? | Al and Silicon |
| First manufactured fertilizer in India is? | SSP |
| Electrical conductivity is used to express? | Salinity of the soil |
| The soils which are most suitable for most of the crops are? | Sandy loams. |
| Total fertilizer plants in operation in India are? | 141 plants |
| Process of moving out of sesquioxide is known as? | Podzolization |
| Cankar nodule are found mostly in? | Red soils |
| Nitrogen % in ammonium nitrate? | 33-35% N |
Soil Science One Liners
| Question | Answer |
| Zn, Fe, are? | Micro nutrients |
| Functional nutrients are in number? | 20 |
| Analyzing process for determination of available N:? | Alkaline permanganate method. |
| Citrate and water insoluble P fertilizer? |
|
| Major source of nitrogen absorption by plants is? | Nitrate (NO3-) form |
| Secondary nutrients are? | Ca, Mg, S |
| Portion of capillary water lying between field Capacity (1/3atm) and wilting co-efficient (15 atm)is known as? | Available water |
| Sulphur percentage in ammonium sulphate nitrate? | 15% |
| N percentage in ammonium chloride? | 26% |
| AM & N serve are? | Nitrification inhibitors |
|
The smallest volume of soil is called as? |
Pedon |
| Azotobacter is used for the crops like? | Rice, Cotton and Sugarcane |
| Major constituent of chlorophyll is? | Mg |
| Zn, Fe, are? | Rice, Maize |
| Application of clay to sandy soils is known as? | Marling |
| Leaching is used for the treatment of? | Saline soils |
| Gneiss and Marble are type of rocks? | Metamorphic rocks |
| Physical property which can't be changed? | Soil texture |
| Red soils are dominant in? | Tamil Nadu |
| Indian soils are deficient in? | Zinc |
| S% in Gypsum ? | 18.6%S |
| P205% in double super phosphate (D.S.P.) ? | 32%P205 |
| If pH < 8.5, EC > 4 (ds/m). ESP < 15% the soil will be? | Saline |
| Rhizobium melilots is used for the crops? |
Madicago (Alfaalfa), Trigonella (Fenugreek) |
| Sulphur % in potassium sulphate? | 17.5% |
|
leguminosarum is used for? |
Pisum (Pea), Lens (Lentil) |
| N percentage in calcium cyanamide? | 20.6 % |
| Major constituent of chlorophyll is? | Mg |
| The form of N is preferable for saline soils? | Nitrate form |
| Citrate soluble P fertilizer? |
Di calcium phosphate, Basic slag, Rhemania phosphate |
Soil Science One Liners
| Question | Answer |
| The adverse effect of salinity on plants is due to increased ? | Osmotic pressure |
| The crops which absorb the nitrogen in amnonical form directly are? | Paddy & Potato |
| Crop having the highest tolerance to boron is? | Sugar beet |
| Rice can tolerate very low level even complete ....of oxygen in the soil? | absence |
| Desired size of the soil sample for soil testing? | 0.5-1.0 kg |
| Lowering of the bulk density of a soil indicates? | Better physical property |
| ppm-per cent/ 10000 or ppm equal to? | 0.0001 % |
| The soils which have organic matter + Na are known as? | Black alkali soils |
| Osmotic regulation is maintained by? | K+ |
| Co is the structural component of? | Vit. B12 |
| Total urea production plant in operation in India are ? | 29 plants |
| If pH > 8.5, EC-4 (ds/m), ESP > 15% the soil will be? | Aline alkali |
| If pH < 8.5. EC > 4 (ds/m). ESP > 15% the soil will be ? | Saline alkali |
| Sivaraman Committee was constituted for? | Fertilizer |
| Gypsum is used for the reclamation of? | Alkali soils |
| Lime stone is used for the reclamation of? | Acidic soils |
Bulk density formula for soils is? B.D.= Weight of oven dry soil / Volume of soil (Solid + Pores)
| Important Table - 1 | Cl;ick |
| Important Table - 2 | Cl;ick |
| One Liner | Cl;ick |
| Fertilizers classification | Cl;ick |
Soil Science Important Points
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Maximum Elluvaition horizon is A horizon.